20/04/2026 23:57

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, thou shalt not steal ). --An act is human, orvoluntary, when it is deliberately desired; and, since nothing can bedeliberately desired unless it is known, an act done without knowledgeis not human or voluntary. (b) Consequent ignorance cannot make an act entirely involuntary, sincesuch ignorance is itself voluntary; but it does in a certain respectmake an act involuntary, i. By reason of the virtue of hope itself (i.

(b) It is lawful to perform a good act from which an evil effect willresult, only if one has a proportionally grave cause for permitting theevil effect (see 102 sqq. (a) Thus, bishops and other pastors are held out ofjustice to fraternal correction, and even at the peril of life. I will subjectthem to analysis afterward. It is wrong,therefore, to wish that our neighbor fall into sin, offend God,diminish or forfeit his grace, or lose his soul.